Classification Ntawm Magnets

Ferromagnetic cov ntaub ntawv xws li hlau, cobalt, npib tsib xee los yog ferrite yog txawv nyob rau hauv hais tias lub sab hauv electron spin tau teem spontaneously nyob rau hauv ib tug me me ntau yam los tsim ib tug spontaneous magnetization cheeb tsam, uas yog hu ua tus sau. Lub magnetization ntawm ferromagnetic cov ntaub ntawv, lub internal magnetic domain neatly, cov kev taw qhia ntawm tib txoj kab, thiaj li hais tias lub zog sib nqus, ua ib tug hlau nplaum.
Txhua yam khoom siv hlau nplaum ruaj khov, xws li txhuas npib tsib xee thiab cobalt, samarium cobalt, ndfeb, cov no kuj muaj ntau, sib nqus muaj zog heev, cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev sib nqus ntawm qhov sib nqus ntawm qhov chaw sib nqus tas li, thiab tom qab magnetization nws tus kheej muaj cov hlau nplaum. thiab tsis txhob ploj mus. Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov hlau nplaum dag nyob ntawm qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau nplaum sib nqus thiab txiav txim siab raws li qhov xav tau. Ib lub hlau nplaum nyob ze rau (kov) cov khoom sib nqus uas yog induced rau ib tug opposite ncej nyob ze ntawm ib tug kawg thiab mus rau ib tug ncej ntawm tib lub npe nyob rau lwm yam kawg.

A. Ib ntus (mos) hlau nplaum;
Qhov tseem ceeb: hlau nplaum yog ib ntus thiab ploj mus thaum cov hlau nplaum raug tshem tawm. Piv txwv li: ntsia hlau, wrought hlau.
B. Permanent (nyuaj) hlau nplaum;
Qhov tseem ceeb: tom qab magnetization, hlau nplaum tuaj yeem khaws cia rau lub sijhawm ntev. Piv txwv: steel ntsia hlau.

Muaj ntau ntau pawg ntawm cov hlau nplaum, kuv yuav tsuas hais ntawm no:
Muaj ob pawg tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom sib nqus:
Thawj yog cov khoom sib nqus mus tas li (tseem hu ua hard magnetic): cov khoom nws tus kheej muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev khaws cov hlau nplaum.
Qhov thib ob nws yog mos hlau nplaum (tseem hu ua electromagnet): xav tau sab nraud electrify muaj peev xwm tsim cov hlau nplaum, peb tiaj tus nws yog cov hlau nplaum uas hais tias, nws yog taw tes rau cov khoom siv hlau nplaum tas mus li.
Kuj tseem muaj ob pawg ntawm cov khoom siv hlau nplaum ruaj khov:
Thawj qeb yog: alloy mus tas li sib nqus cov ntaub ntawv suav nrog cov khoom siv hlau nplaum tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb (ndfeb Nd2Fe14B), SmCo (samarium cobalt), NdNiCO (neodymium nickel cobalt).
Cov qeb thib ob yog Ferrite cov khoom sib nqus ruaj khov, uas tau muab faib ua Sintered Ferrite, sib txuas Ferrite Magnet thiab txhaj tshuaj Ferrite raws li cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Peb cov txheej txheem no tau muab faib ua cov hlau nplaum isotropic thiab heterotropic raws li kev taw qhia sib txawv ntawm cov hlau nplaum sib nqus.